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Recognize the most common mental disorders
2021 served to understand that mental health is more important than it seems. In essence, disorders that affect the brain are common, even for the most part it is thought.
Its prevalence so far has triggered all kinds of social and health consequences. If not diagnosed and treated effectively, they constitute one of the main causes of morbidity on the planet.
Today's 5 Most Common Disorders: What Does Each One Involve?
Mental disorders are conditions that directly impair the proper functioning of the brain. They are usually secondary to multifactorial agents that progressively cause an alteration in neuronal connections.
With regard to their symptoms, they usually present with disturbances of thought, behavior and emotions. Over time, if they do not receive adequate treatment, they not only cause motor disability, but also severe irreversible damage.
Fortunately, medical care for mental problems is expanding. Thanks to this, the following most common mental disorders of the time have been diagnosed and identified:
The well-known depressive pictures
Depression is listed as a common mental disorder of great repercussion throughout the planet. There are more than 350 million people on average who suffer from the disease or, at least, symptoms related to it.
Other of its signs and symptoms go through the incapacity of logical reasoning, overwhelming stress and general discomforts. Mood swings and emotional disinterest are also other relevant clinical manifestations.
From a biochemical perspective, it expresses a duality with respect to certain neurotransmitters in the brain. Due to its low bioavailability, essentially in serotonin and norepinephrine, depressive symptoms are palpable.
Affective bipolarity
Bipolarity follows depression in order of frequency, but with fewer people affected in comparison. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 50 million individuals have affective disorders.
As its name implies, it is a behavioral complication where there is disparity in the patient's mood. It encompasses a pattern of alternation between manic-compulsive statuses and, on the other hand, depressive behavioral complications.
Eventually, between one crisis and another, there is marked lucidity without loss of cordiality. What is striking about bipolarity is how quickly you can move from one mood to another.
Therefore, treatment goes beyond specialized psychological care, but also psychiatric. The prescription of mood stabilizers contributes to the improvement of symptoms and, in the long term, prevents relapses.
Schizophrenia
Epidemiologically speaking, schizophrenia is another serious public health problem. There are around 20 to 25 million patients who have been correctly identified with this psychosis.
His concept suggests that it is a total disturbance of the cognitive apparatus, with tendencies to aggressive and depressive behaviors. Schizophrenics, in the most advanced cases, lose their intellectual abilities, going into absolute disability.
In another vein, it is categorized as one of the most complex mental illnesses of today. Due to its large number of symptoms, classified into various groups (positive, negative, affective and cognitive), this conclusion is determined.
To treat schizophrenia requires a multidynamic health team. He is a high-risk patient who requires antipsychotic, antidepressant, anxiolytic medication and combination with emotional stabilizers.
Dementia
When putting together a comparison with the rest of mental disorders, dementia is the one that occurs later. Those who are prone to it experience a progressive pattern of cognitive decline.
It is usually secondary to other diseases that affect the central nervous system such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Hand in hand with this property, it suggests that the deterioration of certain brain areas is a turning point.
A posteriori, cognitive processes (thinking, orientation, behavior, behavior, calculation, perceptions, among others), rapidly degenerate. Over time, even written or spoken language and the intellectual realm get complicated.
Unfortunately, it is a chronic condition that does not have a curative treatment. On the contrary, its therapy obeys strictly palliative criteria to improve the quality of life of the patient and minimize their symptoms.
Who is the most vulnerable or at risk population?
Mental disorders are more common than you think. If the cases of the diseases mentioned above are added, the calculation reveals an average of 400 to 450 million psychiatric patients.
The population with maximum risk are those descendants of direct family members who are mentally compromised. Likewise, between the ages of 15 and 35 there is a maximum peak of vulnerability.
Oscillating between these age groups symbolizes being exposed to daily situations of stress, anxiety, eating disorders. For their part, older adults enter a stage of emotional deficit where loneliness or lack of understanding towards them is fatal.
Pointing to another front, organizations such as the WHO and the American Psychiatric Society emphasize certain obsessive behaviors. Those individuals with a tendency to perfectionism, insecurity, dependency and more, are widely prone to psychological disorders.
Useful tips for the prevention of psychological illnesses
The prevention of diseases that attack the mind is the objective pursued by different health institutions internationally. In addition to medical advice, they also promote essential healthy practices such as:
1. Adequate rest: Sleep between 7 and 8 hours, predominantly at night, strengthens the body's systems. It maintains proper long-term brain function and is a simple strategy to reduce stress and tension.
2. Periodic physical activity: Exercise and physical activity in general protect the mind in every way. Discipline, concentration and dedication allow to be oriented and thus fortify the cognitive apparatus of the brain.
3. Social limits: It refers to the consumption of alcohol and psychotropic substances, a practice that should be moderate or even ruled out. Otherwise, the components or elements contained in such products can progressively harm the mind.
4. Active but safe social life: Interpersonal relationships are the fundamental pillar of society. However, those that are true, away from unnecessary problems and harmful behaviors are recommended.
5. Prioritize mental health: Do not forget that mental health is as or more relevant than physical care.
Without it, all other bodily functions will not be properly coordinated. Going to a psychologist sporadically when necessary will change everything.
